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Is the Internet revolutionizing how we read?

December 18, 2011 by RDesprez 3 Comments

The Inter­net may be chang­ing how we read and think, accord­ing to a five-year study by schol­ars at the Uni­ver­si­ty Col­lege London.

The schol­ars doc­u­ment­ed the behav­iour of vis­i­tors to two pop­u­lar research sites that pro­vide access to jour­nal arti­cles, e‑books, and oth­er sources of writ­ten infor­ma­tion. They found that peo­ple using the sites exhib­it­ed “a form of skim­ming activ­i­ty,” spring­ing from one source to anoth­er. More­over, vis­i­tors rarely returned to any source they’d already vis­it­ed. They typ­i­cal­ly read no more than one or two pages of an arti­cle or book before they would vis­it anoth­er site.

The authors of the study note: “It is clear that users are not read­ing online in the tra­di­tion­al sense; indeed there are signs that new forms of “read­ing” are emerg­ing as users “pow­er browse” hor­i­zon­tal­ly through titles, con­tents pages and abstracts going for quick wins. It almost seems that they go online to avoid read­ing in the tra­di­tion­al sense.”

Patrick Kings­ley of the Guardian wrote an arti­cle about this phe­nom­e­non: “…because of the Inter­net, we have become very good at col­lect­ing a wide range of fac­tu­al tid­bits, we are also grad­u­al­ly for­get­ting how to sit back, con­tem­plate, and relate all these facts to each other.”

When I am using the Inter­net, I typ­i­cal­ly skim con­tent and often feel rushed. Most of the time, I’m research­ing con­tent with a def­i­nite goal in mind—such as draft­ing an arti­cle like this one!

How does this change affect our writ­ing? Usabil­i­ty guru Jakob Nielsen found that most read­ers’ eyes focus on the action-ori­ent­ed con­tent, such as prod­uct fea­tures and bul­let­ed lists. If read­ers encounter intro­duc­to­ry text on web pages, users often skip it. Nielsen calls intro­duc­to­ry para­graphs “blah-blah text.”

But intro­duc­to­ry text does have a role. He writes: “A brief intro­duc­tion can help users bet­ter under­stand the rest of the page. Even if they skip it ini­tial­ly, they might return lat­er if it does­n’t look intim­i­dat­ing­ly long and dense.”

He rec­om­mends writ­ers include the fol­low­ing content:
1) What’s the page about? A brief intro­duc­tion can help users bet­ter under­stand the rest of the page.
2) Why should read­ers care? What’s in it for them?

In this age of hur­ried read­ing, Nielsen’s research makes sense to me. Still with me?

Filed Under: Robert Desprez | Vancouver technical writer | Blog, Usability Tagged With: comprehension, Online Reading, Usability

Ruthlessly edit when writing for mobile

November 27, 2011 by RDesprez 1 Comment

Imag­ine you have a den­tal appoint­ment and you arrive ear­ly. To kill the time, you might skim a copy of Newsweek that’s sit­ting in the wait­ing room. Or, if you are like mil­lions of peo­ple with a smart­phone, you might start perus­ing your e‑mail, surf­ing the Inter­net, or see­ing what’s new on Facebook.

Usabil­i­ty guru Jakob Nielsen com­plet­ed research that shows con­sumers are using mobile phones as time killers, per­fect for when you have five min­utes to spare. The same study also showed that peo­ple are impa­tient with any­thing that’s per­ceived as “ver­bosi­ty.”

In a typ­i­cal news­pa­per arti­cle, it’s not uncom­mon for a reporter to inter­view two to four sources when writ­ing about a nat­ur­al dis­as­ter, such as a hur­ri­cane. When con­sumers are read­ing the hur­ri­cane sto­ry on a mobile phone, they per­ceive those extra view­points as extraneous.

What does all this mean for tech­ni­cal writ­ers? If you’re writ­ing any con­tent that will be appear on a mobile phone, con­sumers want writ­ers to get to the point quickly.

It seems that peo­ple want less and less con­tent. Years ago, Nielsen rec­om­mend­ed that if you write 500 words for a print­ed doc­u­ment, prune that same mes­sage to 250 words when it’s read online. This lat­est study seems to sug­gest that we should be even more ruth­less when it comes to sum­ma­riz­ing our main messages.

It’s not sur­pris­ing that peo­ple want key mes­sages, not lengthy, nuanced expo­si­tion. Many North Amer­i­cans are feel­ing inun­dat­ed with infor­ma­tion, suf­fer­ing from “infobe­si­ty” (see my ear­li­er arti­cle about the top­ic). Many North Amer­i­cans also strug­gle with literacy—Canada has an illit­er­ate and semi­lit­er­ate pop­u­la­tion esti­mat­ed at 42 per­cent of the whole, a pro­por­tion that mir­rors that of the U.S. We’re also dis­tract­ed. It’s not uncom­mon to be “spend­ing time” with some­one when they’re furtive­ly star­ing down at their iPhone or Blackberry.

Like it or loathe it, more and more peo­ple are using smart­phones to get their infor­ma­tion. If you’re writ­ing online assis­tance for mobile users, you need to sum­ma­rize your mes­sages down to bite-sized chunks. Joe Welinske, the pres­i­dent of Writ­er­sUA, recent­ly wrote a series of webi­na­rs about mobile user assis­tance. In his book Devel­op­ing User Assis­tance For Mobile Apps, Welinske writes, “The sin­gle most impor­tant thing I have learned in my work with mobile apps is that bring­ing over Help designs from desk­top appli­ca­tions is a real­ly bad idea.”

So when you’re author­ing con­tent for a mobile envi­ron­ment, be ruth­less with your edit­ing. Imag­ine you are writ­ing for Twitter.

Here’s the full arti­cle about Nielsen’s research.

Filed Under: Online Writing for Mobile, Robert Desprez | Vancouver technical writer | Blog Tagged With: mobile, online writing, smartphones

New technical writing e‑newsletter

November 15, 2011 by RDesprez Leave a Comment


I’m pleased to launch an e‑newsletter that focus­es on using estab­lished and up-and-com­ing tech­nol­o­gy to con­nect and com­mu­ni­cate with your audi­ence. Some of the top­ics I plan to address include:

  • Cre­at­ing user assis­tance for mobile phones.
  • Using tech­nol­o­gy to con­nect with users.
  • Lever­ag­ing Web 2.0 with your documentation.
  • Explor­ing some of the chang­ing aspects of Online Help.
  • And more.

If you find these top­ics inter­est­ing, please sub­scribe. It’s free. And I take your pri­va­cy seriously.

Filed Under: Online Reading, Robert Desprez | Vancouver technical writer | Blog Tagged With: e-newsletter, technology, writing

Users struggle with comprehension using mobile phones

October 29, 2011 by RDesprez 1 Comment

Con­sumers love their smart phones but research com­plet­ed this ear­li­er this year showed that com­pre­hen­sion lev­els for “com­pli­cat­ed” web con­tent were 48 per­cent of desk­top scores.

The study per­formed by R.I. Singh from the Uni­ver­si­ty of Alber­ta found that read­ers strug­gled with read­ing the pri­va­cy poli­cies of 10 pop­u­lar web sites—including Google’s and Microsoft’s—and found that the con­tent was too com­pli­cat­ed. I’m not sur­prised. Last time I skimmed a pri­va­cy pol­i­cy (in fact, I try to avoid read­ing them) it seemed that it was writ­ten by a squad of lawyers. Facebook’s pri­va­cy pol­i­cy was a mind-numb­ing 5,789 words!

The study found that com­pre­hen­sion lev­els were low­er pri­mar­i­ly because of the mobile phone’s small­er size. Users can see less at any giv­en moment and they some­times must scroll around a page, which is distracting.

Usabil­i­ty guru Jakob Nielsen’s arti­cle also states that it’s chal­leng­ing to use mobile phones for the fol­low­ing reasons:
* Slug­gish downloads.
* No phys­i­cal key­board for data entry. Writ­ing a short e‑mail or text is tol­er­a­ble on an iPhone. A longer doc­u­ment quick­ly becomes tedious.
* No mouse for selection.
* Web sites are still fre­quent­ly designed for desk­top and lap­top use.

It seems that once con­sumers buy a smart phone, they love it. Peo­ple often pro­claim that they can’t believe they lived with­out one. But for all the con­ve­nience and the abil­i­ty to com­mu­ni­cate almost any­where, it seems that we have a long way to go to make web con­tent easy to under­stand on mobile phones.

Tech­ni­cal writ­ers are ide­al­ly suit­ed to help ensure that con­tent is opti­mized for mobile use.

Here’s Nielsen’s full article.

Filed Under: Online Writing for Mobile, Robert Desprez | Vancouver technical writer | Blog Tagged With: mobile, Online Reading, smartphones

Would Faceted Search Assist Your Users?

October 10, 2011 by RDesprez 1 Comment

Google’s search engine pars­es through mil­lions of web pages and still deliv­ers amaz­ing search results.

Still, even Google’s search algo­rithm has its lim­its. With more and more web con­tent avail­able every day, you can see why Google offered addi­tion­al fil­ters to help you nar­row your search results. For exam­ple, if you’re look­ing for pic­tures of pump­kins, you can type “pump­kins” in the search field and click Images. Alter­na­tive­ly, if you’re inter­est­ed in the lat­est books about Thanks­giv­ing, you can search for that term and click Books.

Com­pa­nies, such as Dell, have used this technique—called faceted search—for some time.  For exam­ple, on Dell’s web site you can search for a lap­top or desk­top com­put­er. Alter­na­tive­ly, you can use the fil­ters to help you search by prod­uct cat­e­go­ry, proces­sor, screen size, weight, and so on.

For users, this pro­vides a lot of ben­e­fits includ­ing the abil­i­ty to be much more spe­cif­ic when look­ing for cer­tain types of content.

Faceted Search and Tech­ni­cal Communication

There has not been a lot of dis­cus­sion about faceted search and tech­ni­cal com­mu­ni­ca­tion. I believe that if your help sys­tem is large (for exam­ple, more than 500 top­ics), a faceted search could help your users search by top­ic type (such as trou­bleshoot­ing con­tent, pro­ce­dures, and con­cep­tu­al mate­r­i­al), train­ing vs. tech­ni­cal com­mu­ni­ca­tion con­tent, HTML ver­sus PDF guides, and so on.

There are, how­ev­er, a few prob­lems with using faceted search with the cur­rent Help Author­ing Tools.

First, most Help Author­ing Tools don’t offer faceted search. So unless you’re using a tool that does offer the func­tion­al­i­ty, you won’t be able to pro­vide it to your users. It’s worth men­tion­ing that Mad­Cap Flare does offer a form of faceted search in its product.

Sec­ond, in my expe­ri­ence, the search in Help Author­ing Tools isn’t great. For many years, Google’s search engine has set the stan­dard for find­ing con­tent online. In con­trast, the out-of-the box search found in a Help Author­ing Tool is mediocre.

Third, I find it’s hard to cus­tomize the search engine in a Help Author­ing Tool. RoboHelp’s search does allow you to tweak con­tent but the last time I looked into it, the search engine is large­ly a black box that isn’t meant to be sig­nif­i­cant­ly customized.

What do you think? Would faceted search help your users? Should it be it avail­able in all Help Author­ing Tools?

Filed Under: Help Authoring Tools, Robert Desprez | Vancouver technical writer | Blog Tagged With: faceted search, Help Authoring Tools, Madcap Flare, RoboHelp, Search engines

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About Robert Desprez

I have worked as a Vancouver technical writer for more than 20 years, working at some of British Columbia's largest high-tech firms. I have served in leadership positions for the Society for Technical Communication and have worked as a writing instructor at Vancouver's Simon Fraser University.

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Vancouver Technical Writer. Former Instructor at Simon Fraser University. Dog Lover. Coffee Drinker. Tennis and Piano Player.

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How to throw a little luck into your career /via @globeandmail

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How to throw a little luck into your career

What if you could create some of your own luck?

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Is AI helping workers and improving productivity or just creating more work? /via @globeandmail

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Is AI helping workers and improving productivity or just creating more work?

To reap the full benefits of AI, companies must be more creative than using it to automate existing tasks, one expert says

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Brian Chesky Lost His Mind One Night—and Now He's Relaunching Airbnb as an Everything App

Airbnb's CEO is spending hundreds of millions to relaunch his travel company as an all-purpose service app. Fitness!...

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About Me

Robert Desprez I have worked as a Vancouver technical writer for more than 20 years, working at Kodak, Boeing, Teck Resources, and FortisBC. In addition, I have worked as a writing instructor at Simon Fraser University in Vancouver.

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